Description
As glucose is mostly in extracellular fluid, increased concentration results in water movement out of cells. thus causing dilution of extracellular solute.
Academic References
Katz MA. Hyperglycemia-induced hyponatremia--calculation of expected serum sodium depression. N Engl J Med. 1973;289(16):843-844. doi:10.1056/NEJM197310182891607
See: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4763428
Hillier TA, Abbott RD, Barrett EJ. Hyponatremia: evaluating the correction factor for hyperglycemia. Am J Med. 1999;106(4):399-403. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00055-8
See: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10225241